Many people appear to presume that the muscular convulsions induced in dissected frog's legs by Alessandro Volta (see
However, Professor Lukyan Ivanovich Anatychuk, Director of the Institute of Thermoelectricity at the National Academy of Sciences in the Ukraine and perhaps the world's leading authority on thermoelectric phenomena, believes that the convulsions are in fact caused by the thermoelectric action of the metals, and not by electrolysis.
The two scientific papers that Professor Anatychuk has published on this subject can be read at the following web link:
There is no electrolysis involved.
Best regards,
Keith P Walsh
PS, Professor Anatychuk is a very very experienced specialist in the field of thermoelectrics. It's likely therefore that he understands thermoelectric phenomena much much better than we do.