I've heard of great results from the use of Por15 products, Bob, although I haven't tried them yet.
My experience with coatings on aluminum have been related to prep and finishing with older conventional automotive finishes/paints.
Diluted phosphoric acid is a common treatment for bare aluminum, where it's applied for about 20 minutes (and kept wet during that time), then rinsed off with clean water and dried quickly, to be followed by primer within a short time. There are numerous phosphoric acid prep products sold at autobody supply places, which would include the dilution instructions for treating and etching various metals. These products are typically relatively weak solutions of phosphoric acid, which are then further diluted by the user, in different ratios for different metals.
Safety precautions will usually be included with the dilution instructions. Eye protection should always be used for handling any chemicals, but getting diluted phosphoric acid in a cut on a finger (for example) will sting like you'd expect lemon juice to sting, so it's not something that one should risk getting into their eyes.
A reliable primer for aluminum is zinc chromate if the paints are conventional enamels or lacquers.
Your application of a water bowl may be different than the usual refinishing applications where metal parts wouldn't be required to withstand being submerged in water.
If coatings don't appear to be the solution to the erosion taking place in the water bowl, maybe you could find a stainless steel vessel that would fit in the existing bowl, or it could be used to replace the existing bowl.
Acids would be at the opposite side of the pH scale from bases, with distilled water (for example) being neutral in the center with a pH of 7. The pH of bases would be greater than 7.