At standard pressure, carbon does indeed sublime. At some higher pressure carbon has a triple-point -- a condition of pressure and temperature where a substance exists in all three phases (solid, liquid, gas) simultaneously.
Sublimation 3642 C Triple-point 4492 C
Since it has a triple-point, carbon has a liquid phase.
I don't happen to have the triple-point conditions for carbon, but for a common substance (water) the conditions are 273.16 K and 611.66 Pascals (0.0 C and .088715 psi). The fact that the triple-point of the normal form of ice is so near 0 C (actually a tiny fraction of a degree above it) makes having a triple-point cell fairly easy. My father has one that he picked up somewhere. Cool it to about the freezing point and it has liquid water, ice, and water vapor all existing simultaneously at about 1/100 of an atmosphere pressure.
-- --Pete "Peter W. Meek"