The author of the article, Robert Frank, is the author of a recently published book "Richistan", and a columnist at the Wall Street Journal. I personally recommend the above mentioned book.
As to the question, it turns out that no, the supermajority of high net worth estates are invested in stocks and other easily tradable securities, not in "farms".
This is totally understandable intuitively for two reasons: one is that farming is currently done by a very small fraction of the population, and another is that it is hard to become wealthy from farming.
Here's the article.
The debate is being prompted by the Obama-GOP tax deal, which calls for taxing estates over $5 million at 35%. The Democrats want a 55% rate on estates worth $3.5 million or more.
The Democrats argue that higher tax is needed to lower the deficit and inequality (the latter being the real motivation). The Republicans say the lower rate would hurt farms and family businesses.
Sen. Chuck Grassley, a Republican from Iowa, says that ?this legislative agreement makes sure the government can?t take more than half the estates of farmers and small business owners who have scrimped, sacrificed and saved their entire lives to build up a family business.?
A recent IRS report, however, casts doubt on the claim that farmers and small-businesses are the main victims. According to a white paper by Brian Raub, an economist with the IRS Special Studies Special Projects section, farms and family-owned business account for a small fraction of estates worth $3.5 million or more.
The study shows that in 2007, investment real estate ? which includes farms, undeveloped land, real-estate investment funds, real estate partnerships and other investments ? accounted for only 15% of total portfolios for estates over $3.5 million. Farms are only a fraction of the 15%.
Limited partnerships and business assets account for about 5.5% of their total assets.
So what is in the big estates? Mostly publicly traded stock. The study found that publicly traded stock accounted for more than a third of the assets held by estates of $3.5 million or more.
Of course, some small businesses and farmers would get hurt from a $3.5 million rate. And there may be other good arguments for ditching the estate tax. But it?s misleading to say farmers and small businesses would bear the brunt of the tax. Unless of course, Paris Hilton?s brief stint on ?Simple Life? makes her a farmer.
The real victim of the Democratic proposal would be wealthy shareholders and the stock market. Yet strangely, we don?t see politicians championing the rights of the stock market and big shareholders in their death-tax crusade.
Do you think the estate tax rate threshold go to $5 million or $3.5 million?