The problem with any small mark (say less than 1 1/2" diam) is that it is easily drilled out with a hole saw. If it's being scrapped the thief doesn't care how much it's abused. If they are currently going to the trouble of buffing and filing to remove id, they would certainly saw and/or drill too.
You really need a large part of the surface marked in such a way that it would be a lot of work to remove the marks. You want to make it not worth the his time.
How about a dye that could be rolled on, but is resistant to most solvents. Can't help with what that dye might be.
Or, the surface could be scored in a distinctive pattern. Make a tool with 3 carbide tips in a row, with distinct spacing between them. Drag this over the surface. A small area could be buffed out, but not the whole surface.
This assumes that at least one surface can be defaced (aesthetics compromised). I.e., this is not "art".
HTH, Bob