The plain truth is that much cast iron damage cannot be repaired economically.
In the welding business, many customers make the incorrect assumption that a repair is less expensive than a replacement part. There is a place for cast iron repair for parts which are very expensive or very old or where replacement parts are just not available in a timely manner. In an industrial operation a repair often only needs to work until the replacement part can be obtained and repair cost is a relatively minor factor compared to downtime.
It takes time to properly disassemble and degrease and prepare and clean and preheat and weld slowly and post heat and cooldown and cleanup and reassemble and do the paperwork, all of which is done on billable hours. My advice is to always estimate/quote high and never give a guarantee on cast repair.
Cast iron repair is more of an art than a science and its success depends to a great degree on the quality of the iron and on luck and the skill and experience of the tradesman.
There are many different types and qualities of cast iron and while some poor quality cast is very difficult to repair some good quality cast is really cast steel and can be repaired quite easily. Just because you have a procedure or technique that worked before does not mean it will always work.
Good luck, YMMV