Nanoparticles with variable valence number

Are there some nanoparticles whose valence number changes upon irradiation? It has been demonstrated that radiation-induced changes of

ferrous (Fe2+) to ferric ions (Fe3+) or the reduction of ceric (Ce4+) to cerous ions (Ce3+) in SOLUTION. I am wondering if such reaction also

happens in nanoparticles?

Any input is appreciated.

Reply to
Yilai
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Ionizing radiation and discrete electronic charges have been used for a long time to charge dust for cleaning lenses, etc.

It is truly ancient technology.

Dave

Reply to
dmartin

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