I assume that your 3/8 threaded hole is NPT. In which case, use a npt-compression adapter/union, 3/8 NPT to 1/4 (OD) compression. Such as McMaster-Carr #50915K316:
Drill out the adapter to 1/4" to allow the tube to pass through it. The fitting has plenty enough "meat" to do this, but as-made it stops the tube for ease of assembly.
Screw the adapter to the tank, pass the tube through it, tighten the compression sleeve/nut, add a compression-fitting valve to the tube. If you file a notch on the in-tank end of the tube, you can lower it all the way to the bottom and still have an opening for the water.
If you first fit a 3/8 NPT tee to the tank, with the straight-through vertical, you can take your tank output from the horizontal leg, while fitting the dip tube adapter to the top. The dip tube will be co-axial with part of the output path, but with enough room for air flow.
HTH, Bob