One huge problem I've had is feeding flat wire into machines. For years, I've used a feeder design that used spring-loaded pinch rollers on 1-way clutches cycled back and forth with an air cylinder. The variances in the wire's hardness, oiliness, surface finish, etc. would cause havoc. And, just the mass of the rollers would cause over-feed. We coped.
The new design uses no moving parts other than the cylinder and linear bearing car. The wire is controlled by a pinch roller that is just a standard 1/2" round carbide insert. The roller rides in a angled pocket with a small spring to coax it into the lower end of the pocket and pinch the wire against a hard block. If you pull on the wire in one direction, the roller jams the wire tight against the block. Pull in the other direction and the roller releases the wire and it moves easily. This replaces the 1-way clutches. The trick is the angle! Too little and the roller stays jammed tight, too much and the roller lets the wire slip.
The first prototype used 8 degrees in the pocket, it stayed jammed sometimes. The next try was 20 degrees with the intention of finding the far end where the wire constantly slipped. But, to our delight, 20 degrees just happened to be perfect. We went one whole day without a single wire problem and logged a15% increase in average productivity. I know that one day is too small of a test but it is a great start. (one step closer to retirement!)
We are currently building a new machine that will incorporate a bunch of new ideas designed to eliminate or reduce the various problems. I think we can improve an average 30% down-time to less than 10%. I have another wire feeder design that is just coming up on the machining schedule. It's based on an entirely different idea using gears pinching the wire. We also made the machine reset automatically, added warning lights for the operator to know if the machine is ready, reset, blocks clamped, etc. We also added a VFD and tachometer to fine-tune the speed, beefed-up weak subsystems and made a bunch of ergonomic changes. (another step closer to retirement!)