The first Talgo train basically used a downward pointing peg at the point of the A frame which dropped into a socket mounted on the axle of the next section. (the axle was like that at the rear of a modern FWD car, "U" shaped and non-revolving) That coupling had more in common with early tinplate toy trains.
Here in NZ, a "Kiwi" is firstly a flightless bird, and secondly a New Zealand citizen (slang) A "kiwi fruit" is the hairy brown fruit with the green inside.
Will ingore the the lack of manner in the above statement, even though it's not unexpected given the writer.
I now think you're back pedelling. You stated that the UK is flat, it most definately isn't.
I don't think yu made no mention of poorly laid track.
Once again, you demonstrate that you don't know what you are talking about. In the UK, railways in general didn't follow the lay of the land, they were built to be as flat as possible. On gently rolling "flat" ground, shallow cuts and low fills were built to keep the railway as flat as possible. In North American on gently rolling "flat ground", the railways just followed the gentle rolling of the land with, in many or even most cases, little effort was made to keep the grade at zero. You can see that even today with the train gently going up hill and down over perhaps a mile of its length, something you rarely see in the UK as a grade would be a several mile long climd of decent, not several grade changes in a mile that you commonly see in North America..
I don't understand your point here. "Flat land": is far from flat, it's usually full of gently rolling "hills", perhaps only a few feet high, but they're there anyway. The praires are not flat, for example. .
Once again, you demonstrate that you don't know what you are talking about. A railway vehicle on truck/bogies is far more flexible that one on a rigid four wheel chassis. Springing only compensates for very small twisting motions, unlike a truck/bogie which is much more forgiving.
I'll agree with the above but the point is that the bogie/leading truck design is still far more forgiving than of the twisting action imparted by track that is not almost perfectly level across the gauge. Dunno the technical term for it.
Will ingore the the lack of manner in the above statement, even though it's not unexpected given the writer.
I now think you're back pedelling. You stated that the UK is flat, it most definately isn't.
I don't think yu made no mention of poorly laid track.
Once again, you demonstrate that you don't know what you are talking about. In the UK, railways in general didn't follow the lay of the land, they were built to be as flat as possible. On gently rolling "flat" ground, shallow cuts and low fills were built to keep the railway as flat as possible. In North American on gently rolling "flat ground", the railways just followed the gentle rolling of the land with, in many or even most cases, little effort was made to keep the grade at zero. You can see that even today with the train gently going up hill and down over perhaps a mile of its length, something you rarely see in the UK as a grade would be a several mile long climd of decent, not several grade changes in a mile that you commonly see in North America..
I don't understand your point here. "Flat land": is far from flat, it's usually full of gently rolling "hills", perhaps only a few feet high, but they're there anyway. The praires are not flat, for example. .
Once again, you demonstrate that you don't know what you are talking about. A railway vehicle on truck/bogies is far more flexible that one on a rigid four wheel chassis. Springing only compensates for very small twisting motions, unlike a truck/bogie which is much more forgiving.
I'll agree with the above but the point is that the bogie/leading truck design is still far more forgiving than of the twisting action imparted by track that is not almost perfectly level across the gauge. Dunno the technical term for it.
Relative to New Zealand (where I live) it is flat flat flat.
True, I did not.
If the land is flat then absolutely any alignment will "follow the contours".
Sure.
I think we've wandered a very long way from the point.
It all depends - the railway I model (Koeniglich Wuerttembergishe Staats Eisenbahn) initially used rolling stock imported from the USa. The terrain was hilly and the alignment neccessarily twisting but the track bed was well formed. The advantage of bogies was that they allowed the rolling stock to more easily follow the track alignment. By the time the extra vertical movement of individual axles of a bogie/truck is required over the individual journal movement of a 2 axle wagon, you have _serious_ track problems.
Damn! The word won't come for me either! :-( "Twist" pretty well covers it.
As in the US, the KWStsE developed equalization to keep the wheels on the rails (vertical) and various extremes for horizontal alignment (eg Klose), whereas British (locos) generally relied on simple unequalized spring suspension for vertical movement and frame flexing for horizontal axle movement. (yeah yeah, there were lots of exceptions :-)
A crumpled Volvo and a derailed nuclear waste wagon beside the tracks at a level crossing might make an interesting diorama! Imagine the varied lighting effects you could include. =8^))))
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