PolyTech Forum

Glossary

Accumulator Accumulators represent CPU register and are used as buffer memory for download, transfer, comparison, calculation and conversion operations.

Address An address is the identifier of a specific address or address area. Examples: Input I 12.1; Flag Word MW 25; Data Block DB 3.

Analog module Analog modules convert process values (e.g. temperature) into digital values which can be processed in the CPU, or they convert digital values into analog manipulated variables.

Application An application is a program that runs directly on the MS-DOS / Windows operating system. Applications on the programming device are for example STEP 7.

ASIC ASIC is the acronym for Application Specific Integrated Circuits. PROFINET ASICs are components with a wide range of functions for the development of your own devices. They implement the requirements of the PROFINET standard in a circuit and allow extremely high packing densities and performance. Because PROFINET is an open standard, SIMATIC NET offers PROFINET ASICs for the development of your old devices under the name ERTEC .

Backplane bus The backplane bus is a serial data bus. It supplies power to the modules and is also used by the modules to communicate with each other. Bus connectors interconnect the modules.

Backup memory Backup memory ensures buffering of the memory areas of a CPU without backup battery. It backs up a configurable number of timers, counters, memory and data bytes,retentive timers, counters, memory bits and data bytes.

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Glossary

Bit memory Bit memories are part of the CPU's system memory. They store intermediate results of calculations. They can be accessed in bit, word or dword operations. See System memory

Bus A bus is a communication medium connecting several nodes. Data can be transferred via serial or parallel circuits, that is, via electrical conductors or fiber optic.

Bus segment A bus segment is a self-contained section of a serial bus system. Bus segments are interconnected by way of repeaters, for example, in PROFIBUS DP.

Central module → CPU

Changing IO devices during operation (changing partner ports) Functionality of a PROFINET device. A PROFINET device that supports this function can communicate during operation with changing communication partners at the same port.

Clock memory flag bit which can be used to generate clock pulses in the user program (1 byte per flag bit).

Note When operating with S7-300 CPUs, make sure that the byte of the clock memory bit is not overwritten in the user program!

Coaxial cable A coaxial cable, also known as "coax", is a metal conductor system used in HF transmission circuits, for example, as radio and TV antenna cable, and in modern networks demanding high data transmission rates. The inner conductor of a coaxial cable is sheathed by a tube-like outer conductor. These conductors are separated by plastic insulation. In contrast to other cables, this type of cable provides a high degree of immunity to interference and EMC compatibility.

Code block A SIMATIC S7 code block contains part of the STEP 7 user program. (in contrast to a DB: this contains only data.)

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Glossary

Communication processor Communication processors are modules used for point-to-point and bus topologies.

Component Based Automation → PROFINET CBA

Compress The PG online function "Compress" is used to rearrange all valid blocks in CPU RAM in a contiguous area of load memory, starting at the lowest address. This eliminates fragmentation which occurs when blocks are deleted or edited.

Configuration Assignment of modules to module racks/slots and (e.g. for signal modules) addresses.

Consistent data Data which belongs together in terms of content and must not be separated is known as consistent data. For example, the values of analog modules must always be handled as a whole, that is, the value of an analog module must not be corrupted as a result of read access at two different points of time.

Counters Counters are part of CPU system memory. The content of "Counter cells" can be modified by STEP 7 instructions (for example, up/down count.) See also System memory

CP → Communication processor

CPU Central processing unit = CPU of the S7 automation system with a control and arithmetic unit, memory, operating system, and interface for programming device.

Cycle control point The cycle control point is the section of the CPU program processing in which the process image is updated.

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Glossary

Cycle time The cycle time represents the time a CPU requires for one execution of the user program.

Cyclic interrupt → Interrupt, cyclic interrupt

Data block Data blocks (DB) are data areas in the user program which contain user data. There are global data blocks which can be accessed by all code blocks, and instance data blocks which are assigned to a specific FB call.

Data exchange broadcast → Direct data exchange

Data exchange traffic → Direct data exchange

Data set routing Functionality of a module with several network connections. Modules that support this function are able to pass on data of an engineering system (for example parameter data generated by SIMATIC PDM) from a subnetwork such as Ethernet to a field device at the PROFIBUS DP.

Data, static Static data can only be used within a function block. These data are saved in an instance data block that belongs to a function block. Data stored in an instance data block are retained until the next function block call.

Data, temporary Temporary data represent local data of a block. They are stored in the L-stack when the block is executed. After the block has been processed, these data are no longer available.

DB → Data block

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Glossary

DCP DCP (Discovery and Basic Configuration Protocol). Enables the assignment of device parameters (e.g. the IP address) using manufacturer-specific configuration/programming tools.

Default Router The default router is the router that is used when data must be forwarded to a partner located within the same subnet.

In STEP 7, the default router is named Router. STEP 7 assigns the local IP address to the default router.

Definition: Devices in the PROFINET environment Within the context of PROFINET, "device" is the generic term for:

Automation systems (e.g. PLC, PC)
Field devices (for example, PLC, PC, hydraulic devices, pneumatic devices)
Active network components (for example, switches, gateways, routers)
PROFIBUS or other fieldbus systems

The main characteristic of a device is its integration into PROFINET communication by means of Ethernet or PROFIBUS.

The following device types are distinguished based on their attachment to the bus:

PROFINET devices
PROFIBUS devices

Detecting the network topology LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) is a protocol that is used to detect the closest neighbors. It enables a device to send information about itself and to save information received from neighboring devices in the LLDP MIB. This information can be looked up via the SNMP. This information allows a network management system to determine the network topology.

Determinism → Real Time

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Glossary

Device

Within the PROFINET context, "device" is the generic term for:

Automation systems,
Field devices (for example, PLC, PC)
Active network components (for example, distributed I/O, valve terminals, drives),
hydraulic devices and
pneumatic devices.

The main characteristic of a device is its integration in PROFINET communication over Ethernet or PROFIBUS.

The following device types are distinguished based on their bus connections:

PROFINET devices
PROFIBUS devices

Device Name

Before an IO device can be addressed by an IO controller, it must have a device name. In PROFINET, this method was selected because it is simpler to work with names than with complex IP addresses.

The assignment of a device name for a concrete IO device can be compared with setting the PROFIBUS address of a DP slave.

When it ships, an IO device does not have a device name. An IO device can only be addressed by an IO controller, for example for the transfer of project engineering data (including the IP address) during startup or for user data exchange in cyclic operation, after it has been assigned a device name with the PG/PC.

Device replacement without removable medium/programming device

It is easy to replace IO devices that support this function:

A removable medium (such as a SIMATIC Micro Memory Card) with stored device name is not required.
The device name does not have to be assigned with the programming device.
A replaced IO device that has already been put into operation must be reset to factory settings using the "Reset to factory settings" function.

The replaced IO device is assigned the device name by the IO controller and no longer from a removable media or programming device. The IO controller uses the configured topology and the neighboring relationships determined by the IO devices to this purpose. The configured target topology must coincide accordingly with the actual topology.

Diagnostic buffer

The diagnostics buffer represents a buffered memory area in the CPU. It stores diagnostic events in the order of their occurrence.

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Glossary

Diagnostic interrupt

Modules capable of diagnostics operations report detected system errors to the CPU by means of diagnostic interrupts.

Diagnostics

→ System diagnostics

Direct data exchange

Direct data exchange is a special communication relationship between PROFIBUS DP nodes. Direct data exchange is characterized by PROFIBUS DP nodes that "listen" on the bus and know which data a DP slave returns to its DP master.

DP master

A master which behaves in accordance with EN 50170, Part 3 is known as a DP master.

DP slave

A slave operated on PROFIBUS with PROFIBUS DP protocol and in accordance with EN 50170, Part 3 is referred to as DP slave.

DPV1

The designation DPV1 means extension of the functionality of the acyclical services (to include new interrupts, for example) provided by the DP protocol. The DPV1 functionality has been incorporated into IEC 61158/EN 50170, volume 2, PROFIBUS.

Electrically isolated

The reference potentials of the control and load circuit of isolated I/O modules are electrically isolated, for example, by means of optocouplers, relays or transformers. Input/output circuits may be grouped.

Equipotential bonding

Electrical connection (equipotential bonding conductor) which eliminates potential difference between electrical equipment and external conductive bodies by drawing potential to the same or near the same level, in order to prevent disturbing or dangerous voltages between these bodies.

Error display

One of the possible reactions of the operating system to a runtime error is to output an error message. Additional reactions: Error reaction in the user program, CPU in STOP.

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Glossary

Error handling via OB After the operating system has detected a specific error (e.g. access error with STEP 7), it calls a dedicated block (Error OB) that determines additional CPU actions.

Error response Reaction to a runtime error. Reactions of the operating system: It sets the automation system to STOP, indicates the error, or calls an OB in which the user can program a reaction.

ERTEC → AS/0

Fast Ethernet Fast Ethernet describes the standard with which data is transmitted at 100 Mbit/s. Fast Ethernet uses the 100 Base-T standard.

FB → Function block

FC → Function

FEPROM → Memory Card (MC)

Flash EPROM FEPROMs can retain data in the event of power loss, same as electrically erasable EEPROMs. However, they can be erased within a considerably shorter time (FEPROM = Flash Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory). They are used on Memory Cards.

Force The Force function can be used to assign the variables of a user program or CPU (also: inputs and outputs) constant values.

In this context, please note the limitations listed in the Overview of the test functions section in the chapter entitled Test functions, Diagnostics and Troubleshooting in the S7-300 Installation manual.

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Glossary

Function

According to IEC 1131-3, a function (FC) is a code block without static data. A function allows parameters to be passed in the user program. Functions are therefore suitable for programming frequently occurring complex functions, e.g. calculations.

Function block

According to IEC 1131-3, a function block (FB) is a code block with static data. A function block allows parameters to be transferred to the user program. Function blocks are therefore suitable for programming frequently recurring, complex functions, e.g., rules, mode selection.

Functional ground

Grounding which has the sole purpose of safeguarding the intended function of electrical equipment. With functional grounding you short-circuit interference voltage which would otherwise have an unacceptable impact on equipment.

GD circuit

A GD circuit comprises a number of CPUs sharing data by means of global data communication, and is used as follows:

• A CPU broadcasts a GD packet to the other CPUs.

• A CPU sends and receives a GD packet from another CPU.

A GD circuit is identified by a GD circuit number.

GD element

A GD element is generated by assigning shared global data. It is identified by a unique global data ID in the global data table.

GD packet

A GD packet can consist of one or several GD elements transmitted in a single message frame.

Global data

Global data can be addressed from any code block (FC, FB, OB). In particular, this refers to bit memories M, inputs I, outputs Q, timers, counters and data blocks DB. Global data can be accessed via absolute or symbolic addressing.

Global data communication

Global data communication is a procedure that is used to transfer global data between CPUs (without SFCs/SFBs).

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Glossary

Ground

The conductive earth whose electrical potential can be set equal to zero at any point. Ground potential can be different from zero in the area of grounding electrodes. The term reference ground is frequently used to describe this situation. Grounding means, to connect an electrically conductive component via an equipotential grounding system to a grounding electrode (one or more conductive components with highly conductive contact to earth). Chassis ground is the totality of all the interconnected passive parts of a piece of equipment on which dangerous fault-voltage cannot occur.

Ground

GSD file

The properties of a PROFINET device are described in a GSD file (General Station Description) that contains all the information required for configuration. As with PROFIBUS, you can link a PROFINET device in STEP 7 by means of a GSD file. In PROFINET IO, the GSD file is in XML format. The structure of the GSD file conforms to ISO 15734, which is the world-wide standard for device descriptions. In PROFIBUS, the GSD file is in ASCII format.

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Glossary

Hardware interrupt A hardware interrupt is triggered by interrupt-triggering modules as a result of a specific event in the process. The hardware interrupt is reported to the CPU. The assigned organization block will be processed according to interrupt priority.

HART English: Highway Addressable Remote Transducer

Hub → Switch

I-Device The "I-Device" (intelligent IO device) functionality of a CPU facilitates data exchange with an IO controller and operation of the CPU, for example, as intelligent preprocessing unit of sub processes. Accordingly, the intelligent device is integrated into a "higher-level" IO controller, acting as IO device.

The functionality of the intelligent device ensures that the data is pre-processed in the user program on the CPU. The process values acquired from central or distributed locations (PROFINET IO or PROFIBUS DP) are pre-processed in the user program and provided to a higher-level station via PROFINET IO device interface of the CPU.

Industrial Ethernet Industrial Ethernet (formerly SINEC H1) is a technology that allows data to be transmitted free of interference in an industrial environment.

Due to the openness of PROFINET, you can use standard Ethernet components. We recommend, however, that you install PROFINET as Industrial Ethernet.

Instance data block The STEP 7 user program assigns an automatically generated DB to every call of a function block. The instance data block stores the values of input, output and in/out parameters, as well as local block data.

Interface, MPI-compatible → MPI

Interrupt The CPU's operating system distinguishes between different priority classes for user program execution. These priority classes include interrupts, e.g. process interrupts. When an interrupt is triggered, the operating system automatically calls an assigned OB. In this OB the user can program the desired response (e.g. in an FB).

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Glossary

Interrupt, cyclic interrupt A cyclic interrupt is generated periodically by the CPU in a configurable time pattern. A corresponding OB will be processed.

Interrupt, diagnostic → Diagnostic interrupt

Interrupt, hardware → Hardware interrupt

Interrupt, status A status interrupt can be generated by a DPV1 slave or a PNIO device respectively. At the DPV1 master or the PNIO controller respectively the receipt of the interrupt causes the OB 55 to be called up.

For detailed information on OB 56, refer to the Reference Manual System Software for S7-300/400: System and Standard Functions.

Interrupt, time-delay The delay interrupt belongs to one of the priority classes in SIMATIC S7 program processing. It is generated on expiration of a time started in the user program. A corresponding OB will be processed.

Interrupt, time-delay → Interrupt, time-delay

Interrupt, time-of-day The time-of-day interrupt belongs to one of the priority classes in SIMATIC S7 program processing. It is generated at a specific date (or daily) and time-of-day (e.g. 9:50 or hourly, or every minute). A corresponding OB will be processed.

Interrupt, update An update interrupt can be generated by a DPV1 slave or a PNIO device respectively. At the DPV1 master or the PNIO controller respectively the receipt of the interrupt causes the OB 56 to be called up.

For detailed information on OB 56, refer to the Reference Manual System Software for S7-300/400: System and Standard Functions.

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Glossary

Interrupt, vendor-specific A vendor-specific interrupt can be generated by a DPV1 slave or a PNIO device respectively. At the DPV1 master or the PNIO controller respectively, receipt of the interrupt causes the OB 57 to be called.

For detailed information on OB 57, refer to the Reference Manual System Software for S7-300/400: System and Standard Functions.

IP address To allow a PROFINET device to be addressed as a node on Industrial Ethernet, this device also requires an IP address that is unique within the network. The IP address is made up of 4 decimal numbers with a range of values from 0 through 255. The decimal numbers are separated by a period.

The IP address is made up of

The address of the (subnet) network and
The address of the node (generally called the host or network node).

IRT → Isochronous Real Time communications

Isochronous mode In order to maximize deterministic performance, the process data, the transmission cycle via PROFIBUS DP or PROFINET IO, as well as the user program are synchronized. The input and output data of the distributed IO devices in the system is acquired and output simultaneously. The isochronous PROFIBUS DP cycle/PROFINET IO cycle acts as the corresponding clock generator.

Isochronous Real Time communications Synchronized transmission procedure for the cyclic exchange of IO data between PROFINET devices. A reserved bandwidth within the send clock is available for the IRT / IO data. The reserved bandwidth guarantees that the IRT data can also be transferred even during another high network load (for example TCP/IP communication or additional real time communication) at reserved, synchronized intervals.

LAN Local Area Network; interconnects multiple computers within a company. The geographical topology of a LAN is limited to the local premises and is only available to the operating company or institution.

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Glossary

LLDP

LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) is a protocol that is used to detect the closest neighbors. It enables a device to send information about itself and to save information received from neighboring devices in the LLDP MIB. This information can be looked up via the SNMP. This information allows a network management system to determine the network topology.

Load memory

This memory contains objects generated by the programming device. Load memory is implemented by means of a plug-in Micro Memory Card of different memory capacities. The SIMATIC Micro Memory Card must be inserted to allow CPU operation.

Load power supply

Power supply to the signal / function modules and the process I/O connected to them.

Local data

→ Data, temporary

MAC address

Each PROFINET device is assigned a worldwide unique device identifier in the factory. This 6-byte long device identifier is the MAC address.

The MAC address is divided up as follows:

3 bytes vendor identifier and
3 bytes device identifier (consecutive number).

The MAC address is normally printed on the front of the device. Example: 08-00-06-6B-80-C0

Main memory

The main memory is integrated in the CPU and cannot be extended. It is used to run the code and process user program data. Programs only run in the main memory and system memory.

Master

When a master has the token, it can send data to other nodes and request data from other nodes (= active node).

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Glossary

Media redundancy Function that ensures network and system availability. Redundant transmission links (ring topology) ensure that an alternative communication path is made available if a transmission link fails.

Memory Card (MC) Memory Cards are memory media for CPUs and CPs. They are implemented in the form of RAM or FEPROM. An MC differs from a Micro Memory Card only in its dimensions (MC is approximately the size of a credit card).

MIB An MIB (Management Information Base) is a data base of a device. SNMP clients access this data base in the device. The S7 device family supports, among others, the following standard MIBs:

MIB II, standardized in the RFC 1213
LLDP MIB, standardized in the international standard IEE 802.1AB
LLDP PNIO-MIB, standardized in the international IEC standard 61158-6-10

Micro Memory Card (MMC) Micro Memory Cards are memory media for CPUs and CPs. Their only difference to the Memory Card is the smaller size.

Module parameters Module parameters are values which can be used to configure module behavior. A distinction is made between static and dynamic module parameters.

MPI The multipoint interface (MPI) represents the programming device interface of SIMATIC S7. It enables multiple nodes (PGs, text-based displays, OPs) to be operated simultaneously by one or more CPUs. Each node is identified by its unique (MPI) address.

MPI address → MPI

NCM PC → SIMATIC NCM PC

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Glossary

Nesting depth A block can be called from another by means of a block call. Nesting depth is referred to as the number of simultaneously called code blocks.

Network A network consists of one or more interconnected subnets with any number of nodes. Several networks can exist alongside each other.

Network A network is a larger communication system that allows data exchange between a large number of nodes. All the subnets together form a network.

Non-isolated The reference potential of the control and on-load power circuits of non-isolated I/O modules is electrically interconnected.

NTP The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a standard for synchronizing clocks in automation systems via Industrial Ethernet. NTP uses the UDP wireless network protocol.

OB → Organization blocks

OB priority The CPU operating system distinguishes between different priority classes, for example, cyclic program processing, hardware interrupt controlled program processing. Each priority class is assigned organization blocks (OBs) in which the S7 user can program a response. The OBs are assigned different default priority classes. These determine the order in which OBs are executed or interrupt each other when they appear simultaneously.

Operating state SIMATIC S7 automation systems know the following operating states: STOP, START, RUN.

Operating system The CPU operating system organizes all the CPU functions and processes which are not associated with a specific control task.

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Glossary

Organization blocks Organization blocks (OBs) form the interface between the CPU operating system and the user program. The order in which the user program is executed is defined in the organization blocks.

Parameters

Variable of a STEP 7 code block
Variable for declaring module response (one or several per module). All modules have a suitable basic factory setting which can be customized in STEP 7. There are static and dynamic parameters.

Parameters, dynamic Unlike static parameters, you can change dynamic module parameters during runtime by calling an SFC in the user program, e.g. limit values of an analog signal input module.

Parameters, static Unlike dynamic parameters, static parameters of modules cannot be changed by the user program. You can only modify these parameters by editing your configuration in STEP 7, for example, modification of the input delay parameters of a digital signal input module.

PC station \rightarrow SIMATIC PC Station

PG \rightarrow Programming device

PLC \rightarrow Programmable logic controller

PLC A PLC in the context of SIMATIC S7 --> is a programmable logic controller.

PNO Technical committee that defines and additional develops the PROFIBUS and PROFINET standards with the following homepage: http://www.profinet.com.

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Glossary

Prioritized startup The term prioritized startup denotes the PROFINET functionality for accelerating the startup of IO devices operated on a PROFINET IO system with RT and IRT communication.

The function reduces the time that configured IO devices require in order to return to cyclic user data exchange in the following scenarios:

After the power supply has returned
After a station has come back online
After the activation of IO devices

Priority class The S7 CPU operating system provides up to 26 priority classes (or "Program execution levels"). Specific OBs are assigned to these classes. The priority classes determine which OBs interrupt other OBs. Multiple OBs of the same priority class do not interrupt each other. In this case, they are executed sequentially.

Process image The process image is part of CPU system memory. At the start of cyclic program execution, the signal states at the input modules are written to the process image of the inputs. At the end of cyclic program execution, the signal status of the process image of the outputs is transferred to the output modules.

Process-Related Function → PROFINET Component

Product version The product version identifies differences between products which have the same order number. The product version is incremented when forward-compatible functions are enhanced, after production-related modifications (use of new parts/components) and for bug fixes.

PROFIBUS Process Field Bus - European field bus standard.

PROFIBUS device A PROFIBUS device has at least one PROFIBUS link with an electric interface (RS485) or an optical interface (polymer optical fiber, POF).

A PROFIBUS device cannot take part directly in PROFINET communication, but must be implemented by means of PROFIBUS master with PROFINET link or Industrial Ethernet/PROFIBUS link (IE/PB Link) with proxy functionality.

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Glossary

PROFIBUS DP A PROFIBUS with the DP protocol that complies with EN 50170. DP stands for distributed peripheral (IO) = fast, real-time, cyclic data exchange. From the perspective of the user program, the distributed IOs are addressed in exactly the same way as the central IOs.

PROFINET Within the framework of Totally Integrated Automation (TIA), PROFINET is the consistent additional development of:

PROFIBUS DP, the established fieldbus and
Industrial Ethernet, the communication bus for the cell level.

The experience gained from both systems was and is being integrated in PROFINET.

PROFINET as an Ethernet-based automation standard from PROFIBUS International (previously PROFIBUS Nutzerorganisation e. V.) defines a vendor-independent communication, automation, and engineering model.

PROFINET ASIC → ASIC

PROFINET CBA As part of PROFINET, PROFINET CBA (Component Based Automation) is an automation concept that focuses on the following:

Implementation of modular applications
Machine - machine communication

PROFINET CBA lets you create distributed automation solutions, based on default components and partial solutions. This concept meets the demand for a greater modularity in the field of mechanical and systems engineering by extensive distribution of intelligent processes.

With Component Based Automation you can implement complete technological modules as standardized components that can be used in large systems.

You create the modular, intelligent components of the PROFINET CBA in an engineering tool (which may differ according to the device manufacturer). Components that are formed from SIMATIC devices are created with STEP 7, and are interconnected using the SIMATIC iMAP tool.

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Glossary

PROFINET Component

A PROFINET component includes the entire data of the hardware configuration, the parameters of the modules, and the corresponding user program. The PROFINET component is made up as follows:

Technological Function

The (optional) technological (software) function includes the interface to other PROFINET components in the form of interconnectable inputs and outputs.

Device

The device is the representation of the physical programmable controller or field device including the I/O, sensors and actuators, mechanical parts, and the device firmware.

PROFINET device

A PROFINET device always has at least one Industrial Ethernet port. A PROFINET device can also be operated as proxy to act as representative that safeguards Ethernet communication between PROFIBUS devices (PROFIBUS slaves connected to an existing PROFIBUS interface) and additional PROFINET devices on the Ethernet.

PROFINET IO

As part of PROFINET, PROFINET IO is a communication concept that is used to implement modular, distributed applications.

PROFINET IO allows you to create automation solutions, which are familiar to you from PROFIBUS.

PROFINET IO is implemented using the PROFINET standard for programmable controllers.

The STEP 7 engineering tool helps you to structure and configure an automation solution.

In STEP 7 you have the same application view, regardless of whether you are configuring PROFINET devices or PROFIBUS devices. Program your user program in the same way for both PROFINET IO and PROFIBUS DP, since you will use the extended blocks and system status lists for PROFINET IO.

PROFINET IO controller

Device used to address the connected IO devices. This means that the IO controller exchanges input and output signals with assigned field devices. The IO controller is often the controller on which the automation program runs.

PROFINET IO device

A distributed field device that is assigned to one of the IO controllers (e.g. remote IO, valve terminals, frequency converters, switches)

PROFINET IO Supervisor

Programming device, PC or HMI device used for commissioning and diagnostics.

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Glossary

PROFINET IO system PROFINET IO controller with assigned PROFINET IO devices.

Programmable logic controller Programmable controllers (PLCs) are electronic controllers whose function is stored as a program in the control unit. The structure and wiring of the device does not therefore depend on the controller's function. A programmable logic controller is structured like a computer. It consists of a CPU with memory, input/output modules and an internal bus system. The IOs and the programming language are oriented to control engineering needs.

Programming device Programming devices are essentially compact and portable PCs which are suitable for industrial applications. They are identified by a special hardware and software for programmable logic controllers.

Proxy The PROFINET device with proxy functionality is the substitute for a PROFIBUS device on Ethernet. The proxy functionality allows a PROFIBUS device to communicate not only with its master but also with all nodes on PROFINET.

With PROFINET, existing PROFIBUS systems can be integrated into the PROFINET communication with the aid of an IE/PB link, for example. The IE/PB link then handles communication via PROFINET on behalf of the PROFIBUS components.

In this way, you can link both DPV0 and DPV1 slaves to PROFINET.

Proxy → Proxy

Proxy functionality → Proxy

RAM RAM (Random Access Memory) is a semiconductor read/write memory.

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Glossary

Real Time

Real time means that a system processes external events within a defined time. Determinism means that a system reacts in a predictable (deterministic) manner. In industrial networks, both these requirements are important. PROFINET meets these requirements. PROFINET is implemented as a deterministic real-time network as follows:

The transfer of time-critical data between different stations over a network within a defined interval is guaranteed.

To this end, PROFINET has an optimized communication channel for real-time communication: real time (RT): Real Time (RT).

An exact prediction of the time at which the data transfer takes place is possible.
It is guaranteed that problem-free communication using other standard protocols, for example, industrial communication for a programming device/PC, can take place within the same network.

Real Time

→ Real Time

Reduction ratio

The reduction rate determines the send/receive frequency for GD packets on the basis of the CPU cycle.

Reference ground

→ Ground

Reference potential

Voltages of participating circuits are referenced to this potential when they are viewed and/or measured.

Restart

On CPU start-up (e.g. after is switched from STOP to RUN mode via selector switch or with POWER ON), OB100 (restart) is initially executed, prior to cyclic program execution (OB1). On restart, the input process image is read in and the STEP 7 user program is executed, starting at the first instruction in OB1.

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Glossary

Retentivity A memory area is considered retentive if its contents are retained even after a power loss and transitions from STOP to RUN. The non-retentive area of memory flag bits, timers and counters is reset following a power failure and a transition from the STOP mode to the RUN mode.

Retentive can be the:

Bit memory
S7 timers
S7 counters
Data areas

Router A router interconnects two subnets. A router works in a similar way to a switch. With a router, however, you can also specify which communication nodes may communicate via the router and which may not. The communication nodes on various sides of a router can only communicate with one another if you have explicitly enabled communication between these nodes via the router. Real-time data cannot be exchanged beyond subnet boundaries.

RT → Real Time

Runtime error Errors occurred in the PLC (that is, not in the process itself) during user program execution.

Segment → Bus segment

Send cycle Period between two successive intervals for IRT or RT communication. The send cycle is the shortest possible transmit interval for exchanging data. The calculated update times are multiples of the send cycle.

The minimum possible update time thus depends on the minimum send cycle of the IO controller that can be set.

If both the IO controller and the IO device support a send cycle of 250 µs, you can achieve a minimum update time of 250 µs.

It is also possible to operate IO devices that only support a send cycle of 1 ms on an IO controller that works with a send cycle of 250 µs. The minimum update time for the IO devices concerned is then at least 1 ms, however.

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Glossary

SFB → System function block

SFC → System function

Shared Device The "Shared Device" functionality makes it possible to distribute the submodules of an IO devices to different IO controllers.

Signal module Signal modules (SM) form the interface between the process and the PLC. There are digital input and output modules (input/output module, digital) and analog input and output modules. (Input/output module, analog)

SIMATIC The term denotes Siemens AG products and systems for industrial automation.

SIMATIC NCM PC SIMATIC NCM PC is a version of STEP 7 tailored to PC configuration. For PC stations, it offers the full range of functions of STEP 7. SIMATIC NCM PC is the central tool with which you configure the communication services for your PC station. The configuration data generated with this tool must be downloaded to the PC station or exported. This makes the PC station ready for communication.

SIMATIC NET Siemens Industrial Communication division for Networks and Network Components.

SIMATIC PC Station A "PC station" is a PC with communication modules and software components within a SIMATIC automation solution.

Slave A slave can only exchange data after being requested to do so by the master.

318

Glossary

SNMP SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) makes use of the connectionless UDP transport protocol. It consists of two network components, similar to the client/server model. The SNMP manager monitors the network nodes and the SNMP agents collect the various network-specific information in the individual network nodes and stores it in a structured form in the MIB (Management Information Base). This information allows a network management system to run detailed network diagnostics.

SSL → System status list

STARTUP A START-UP routine is executed at the transition from STOP to RUN mode. Can be triggered by means of the mode selector switch, or after power on, or by an operator action on the programming device. An S7-300 performs a restart.

STEP 7 STEP 7 is an engineering system and contains programming software for the creation of user programs for SIMATIC S7 controllers.

Subnet All the devices connected by switches are located in the same network - a subnet. All the devices in a subnet can communicate directly with each other. All devices in the same subnet have the same subnet mask. A subnet is physically restricted by a router.

Subnet mask The bits set in the subnet mask decides the part of the IP address that contains the address of the subnet/network. In general:

The network address is obtained by an AND operation on the IP address and subnet mask.
The node address is obtained by an AND NOT operation on the IP address and subnet mask.

Substitute value Substitute values are configurable values which output modules transfer to the process when the CPU switches to STOP mode. In the event of an I/O access error, a substitute value can be written to the accumulator instead of the input value which could not be read (SFC 44).

319

Glossary

Switch Network components used to connect several computers or network segments in a local network (LAN).

In contrast to PROFIBUS DP, Industrial Ethernet consists of point-to-point connections: Each communication node is connected directly with one other communication node.

If a communication node needs to be connected to several other communication nodes, this communication node is connected to the port of an active network component- a switch. Other communications nodes (including switches) can then be connected to the other ports of the switch. The connection between a communication node and the switch remains a point-to-point link.

The task of a switch is therefore to regenerate and distribute received signals. The switch "learns" the Ethernet address(es) of a connected PROFINET device or other switches and forwards only the signals intended for the connected PROFINET device or connected switch.

A switch has a certain number of ports). At each port, connect a maximum of one PROFINET device or an additional switch.

Two switch variants are available for PROFINET IO systems: as external switches with enclosure, or as integrated component of an S7 CPU or S7 CP, or as integrated switch of a distributed I/O system ET 200, such as in the S7-CPU 317-2 PN/DP.

The SIEMENS SCALANCE X product family contains switches with electrical and optical ports, or with a combination of both variants. SCALANCE X202-2IRT, for example, provides 2 electrical and 2 optical ports and supports IRT communication.

With STEP 7, you can configure, analyze and address switches from the SCALANCE X device family as PROFINET IO devices.

System diagnostics System diagnostics refers to the detection, evaluation, and signaling of errors that occur within the PLC, for example programming errors or module failures. System errors can be indicated by LEDs or in STEP 7.

System function A system function (SFC) is a function that is integrated in the operating system of the CPU and can be called in the STEP 7 user program, when necessary.

System function block A system function block (SFB) is a function block integrated in the CPU operating system that can be called in the STEP 7 user program when required.

System memory System memory is an integrated RAM memory in the CPU. System memory contains the address areas (e.g. timers, counters, bit memories) and data areas that are required internally by the operating system (for example, communication buffers).

320

Glossary

System status list The system status list contains data that describes the current status of a SIMATIC S7. You can always use this list to obtain an overview of the following points:

Status of the SIMATIC S7 extension.
The current CPU configuration and configurable signal modules.
The current states and processes in the CPU and in configurable signal modules.

Terminating resistor The terminating resistor is used to avoid reflections on data links.

Timer → Timers

Timers Timers are part of CPU system memory. The content of timer cells is automatically updated by the operating system, asynchronously to the user program. STEP 7 instructions are used to define the precise function of the timer cell (for example, on-delay) and to initiate their execution (for example, start).

TOD interrupt → Interrupt, time-of-day

Token Allows access to the bus for a limited time.

Topology Network structure. Commonly used structures:

Linear bus topology
Ring topology
Star topology
Tree topology

Topology configuration All the interconnected ports of the PROFINET devices in STEP 7 projects and their relationships to each other.

321

Glossary

Transmission rate

Data transfer rate (in bps)

Twisted-pair

Fast Ethernet via twisted-pair cables is based on the IEEE 802.3u standard (100 Base-TX). The transmission medium is a shielded 2x2 twisted-pair cable with an impedance of 100 Ohm (AWG 22). The transmission characteristics of this cable must meet the requirements of category 5.

The maximum length of the connection between the terminal and the network component must not exceed 100 m. The connections are implemented according to the 100 Base-TX standard with the RJ-45 connector system.

UDT

User Defined Type: User-defined data type with any design.

Ungrounded

Having no direct electrical connection to ground

Update time

Within this time interval, an IO device/IO controller in the PROFINET IO system is supplied with new data by the IO controller/IO device. The send cycle can be configured separately for each IO device and determines the interval at which data are sent from the IO controller to the IO device (outputs) as well as data from the IO device to the IO controller (inputs).

User program

In SIMATIC, we distinguish between the operating systems of the CPU and user programs. The user program contains all instructions, declarations and data for signal processing through which a system or process can be controlled. It is assigned to a programmable module (for example CPU, FM) and can be structured in smaller units (blocks).

Varistor

Voltage-dependent resistor

WAN

A network beyond LAN boundaries which allows, for example, intercontinental communication. Legal rights do not belong to the user but to the provider of the communication network.

322

Index

Actuator/Sensor Interface, 57, 94 Address Analog module, 131 Digital module, 130 MPI, PROFIBUS DP, 59 Technological functions, 132 Addressing Device name, 137 Integrated I/O, 132 IP address, 137 On PROFIBUS DP, 135 on PROFINET IO, 136 slotspecific, User-specific, 129 Ambient condition Climatic, 259 Mechanical, 258 Operating conditions, 258 Analog module, addresses, 131 Approvals, 251 CE, 252 CSA, 252 FM, 253 IEC 61131, 254 Marine, 254 UL, 252 Use in industrial environments, 254 Use in residential areas, 255 ASI (Actuator/Sensor Interface), 57, 94

Backup Firmware, 191 Project data, 195 Baud rate Maximum, 58 MPI cable length, 63 PROFIBUS cable length, 64 Stub cables, 64 Bus cable, 65 Bus connector, 124 Installation, 66 Properties, 65 Versions available, 65 Bus connector, 124 Fast Connect, 124 MPI, PROFIBUS wiring, 124 PROFINET, 126 removing, 125 Setting the terminating resistor, 125 Bus connector Installing, 125125 Bus termination, 70 Bus topology with SFC 103, 215

Cabinet Dimensions, 40 EMC-compliant configuration, 269 power loss dissipated, 42 Selection, 39 Types, 40 Cable Outside buildings:, 277 Preparing, 112 Proper routing, 265 Routing equipotential conductors, 274 shield, 272 Shield connection element, 121 Within buildings, 275 Cable length Extension with RS485 repeater, 64 Maximum, 67 MPI subnet, 63 PROFIBUS subnet, 64 PROFINET, 85 Stub cables, 64 Cable shield, 50 Cable shielding, 266 CE approval, 252 Commissioning Check list, 145 CPU as DP master, 168 CPU as DP slave, 172 CPU memory reset, 150 Errors, 144 Hardware, 141, 142 Micro Memory Card, 147 Module, 147

323

Index

PROFIBUS DP, 166 PROFINET IO, 180 Software, 143, 144 Commissioning the module connecting a PG, 155 Monitoring and modifying variable, 161 Commissioning the DP master CPU 31x PN/DP, 168 CPU 31x-2 DP, 168 CPU 31xC-2 DP, 168 Commissioning the DP slave CPU 31x PN/DP, 173 CPU 31x-2 DP, 173 CPU 31xC-2 DP, 173 Component Based Automation (CBA), 79 Configuring Examples for subnets, 68 General information about the subnet, 56 MPI/PROFIBUS subnet, 58 Procedure for the PROFINET IO system, 182 PROFIBUS subnet, 73 Configuring, basics, 29 Central unit, 30 Component dimensions, 32 Expansion module, 30 Grounding, 43, 49 Installation, 31 Load power supply, 54 Module arrangement, 35 Protective measures, 43 Specified clearance dimensions, 34 Subnet, 56 Connecting PG, 155, 156, 157, 158 Sensors and actuators, 111 Spring terminals, 111 ungrounded/grounded, 160 Connecting actuators, 111 Connecting sensors, 111 Constant bus cycle time, 170 Controller, 82 PROFINET CBA, 82 PROFINET IO, 82 Controlling, 209 Coupling Interference-proof, 37 CPU CPU memory reset, 150, 154 Wiring, 109 Wiring conditions, 106 CPU as DP master, 168 Constant bus cycle time, 170 CPU 31x PN/DP, 168 CPU 31xC-2 DP, 168 CPU 3x-2 DP, 168 Diagnostics, 230 Isochronous Updating of Process Image Partitions, 170 Startup of CPU 31x-2 DP, 169 Sync/Freeze, 171 CPU as DP slave, 172 CPU 31x PN/DP, 173 CPU 31x-2 DP, 173 CPU 31xC-2 DP, 173 GSD files, 172 Startup, 173 CPU memory reset, 150 Formatting the Micro Memory Card, 154 Internal sequence on the CPU, 152 MPI/DP interface parameters, 153 With mode selector switch, 151 CSA approval, 252

Data Back up, 195 Reading/saving service data, 205 Data consistency, 135, 137 Degree of protection IP 20, 260 Delivery state of the CPU Lamp images during reset, 198 Properties, 197 Restoring, 197 Detecting operating mode transitions In the DP master, 173 In the DP slave, 169 Device ID, 242 Diagnostic address Direct data exchange, 233 DP master and DP slave, 231 PROFIBUS DP, 236 PROFIBUS DP, 236 Diagnostics, 230 configured address range, 243 Diagnostic buffer, 214 DP master, 230 LED display, 213 LEDs of the CPU, 219 Maintenance, 249 PROFINET IO, 247 SF LED for hardware faults, 222 SF LED for software errors, 221 Type of error, 212

324

Index

using "Diagnosing hardware", with LEDs, 219 with system functions, 214 Digital module Address, 130 Protection against inductive overvoltage, 290 Digital output module Replacement fuse, 202 Replacing fuses, 203 Direct data exchange, 233 Disconnecting the wiring, 119 DP Master, interrupts, 238

E

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), 255 Electromagnetic interference, 263 Electrostatic discharge, 255 EMC (Electromagnetic compatibility), 255 Disturbance variables, 255 Radio interference, 256 EMC (ElectroMagnetic Compatibility), 263 EMC-compliant installation, 267 Ground connections, 267 Rules, 265 Special measures, 266 Equipotential bonding, 273 Equipotential bonding conductor, 50 Error LEDs, 219 Error-free operation, general rules, 261 Example CPU 314C-2 DP as MPI and PROFIBUS node, 72 Data exchange between the DP master and DP slave, 176 Direct data exchange via DP CPUs, 179 Isolated module, 47 Load power supply, 55 Maximum distance, 69 Non-isolated module, 48 Routing, 93 Terminating resistor, 70 Using blocks to read slave diagnostics information, 234

F

Fail-safe system, 292 Fast Connect, 124 Disconnecting, 119 Twisted pair, 87 Wiring, 116, 118 Wiring rules, 117 Fast Connect technology, 115 Fieldbus integration, 77 Firmware Backup on Micro Memory Card, 189 Update, 192 Update, 192 Update online, 193 FM approval, 253 Forcing, 210 Front connector Removing the coding, 200, 201 Front connectors, 111 encoding, 114 Module assignment, 111 plugging, 114 Preparing the cables, 112 Wiring, 113 Wiring conditions, 106 wiring to spring terminals, 111

G

Ground connections, 267 Grounded power supply, 43 Grounding Cable shield, 50 CPU 31xC overview, 52 Load circuit, 50 measures, 49 non-isolated/isolated, 46 Overview, 53 Group error LED Hardware faults, 222 Software errors, 221 GSD files, 172

I

I&M data Read / write, 206 SSL partial lists, 207 Identification and maintenance data, 206 IEC 61131, 254 Initial power on, 149 installation Coupling, 37 EMC compatible, 263 Horizontal, 31 Layout of the modules, 35 Reference potential, grounded, 45

325

Index

Vertical, 31 Installation in cabinets, 39 Layout of the modules, 36 Module, 100 Installation Reference potential, grounded, 4444 Installation - examples Maximum configuration, 38 MPI subnet, 68 PROFIBUS subnet, 71 PROFINET subnet, 88 Protection against overvoltage, 288 S7-300, 25 Installation Dimensions of the Modules, 32 Installation, basic rules, 23 Installing EMC-compliant, 267 Module, 200 Mounting rail, 97 Wall mounting (EMC-compliant), 270 Insulation test, 260 Interconnection PROFIBUS and PROFINET, 77 Interface MPI, 61 Parameter handling during CPU memory reset, 153 PROFIBUS DP, 62 PtP, 94 Send cycle, 85 Update time, 85 Interface module, 36 Interference-proof coupling, 37 Interrupt data Generating a diagnostics interrupt, 246, 247 Process interrupt, structure, 245 Interrupts on the DP Master, 238 IP address assignment, 137 Isochronous mode, 170

Labeling strips, 120 Layout on the racks, 35, 36 LED, 213 Length of the network, 85 Lightning protection, 278 Equipotential bonding, 281, 282, 284, 286 Lightning protector, 284, 286 Safety zones concept, 279 Load circuit, 50 Load current determination, 54 Load power supply Example, 55 Properties, 54 Load voltage, reference potential, 51

Mains, 43 Maintenance, 249 Backup of firmware on Micro Memory Card, 191 Backup of the project data, 195 Delivery state, 197 Firmware update, 191 Maintenance, 249 Module replacement, 198 Replacing fuses, 202 Marine approval, 254 Maximum configuration, 38 MIB (Management Information Base), 217 Micro Memory Card, 154 Firmware backup, 189 Formatting, 154 Initial power on, 149 Inserting/removing, 148 Module Assembly dimensions, 32 Assigning slot numbers, 102 Commissioning, 147 installing, 100, 101, 200 Isolated, 46 labeling, 120 Layout on the rack, 35, 36 Micro Memory Card, 147 Non-isolated, 46 removing, 199 replacing, 198 Sequence, 100 Start addresses, 127 Module replacement Reaction of the S7-300, 201 Rules, 100, 198 Monitoring, 161 Monitoring and modifying variable, 161 establishing a connection to the CPU, 164 Modifying outputs in STOP mode, 165 Setting the trigger points, 163 Variable table, 162 Mounting rail, 97 connecting the protective conductor, 107 Fixation, 98 installing, 99 Length, 32

326

Index

Mounting the ground conductor, 97 MPI (Multi Point Interface), 56 Baud rate, maximum, 58 Number of nodes, maximum, 59 MPI (multi-point interface) Interface, 61 MPI address, 59 MPI interface Connectable devices, 61 Parameter handling during CPU memory reset, 153 MPI subnet Cable length, 63 CPU 314C-2 DP as node, 72 Example, 68 Maximum distance, 69 Terminating resistor, 70 MPI/DP interface Commissioning the IO system, 181 Parameter handling during CPU memory reset, 153 Multi-Point Interface, 56

N Network diagnostics, 217 Number of nodes, maximum, 59

O Operating system, 189 Overview CPU 31xC grounding, 52 Diagnostic information for PROFINET, 248 Grounding, 53 PROFINET IO functions, 90 S7-300 components, 26 Overvoltage protection, 278 Components, 285, 287 Example for EMERGENCY STOP, 291 Inductive overvoltage, 290 Sample configuration, 288

P PG Access to remote networks, 92 Connecting, 155, 156, 157, 158 MPI addresses for service PGs, 159 Ungrounded/grounded configuration, 160 Point-to-point connection, 57 Potential difference, 50 Power supply module Selecting the mains voltage, 108 Wiring, 109 Wiring conditions, 106 PROFIBUS, 59 PROFIBUS device, 74 PROFIBUS DP Addressing, 135 Addressing the user data area, 135 Baud rate, maximum, 58 Commissioning, 166 Comparison with PROFINET, 75 Direct data exchange, 178 DP address ranges, 167 DP diagnostic addresses, 167 Number of nodes, maximum, 59 Software required, 166 PROFIBUS DP address, 59 PROFIBUS DP interface, 62 Connectable devices, 63 Diagnostics with status and error LEDs, 224 Operating modes with two DP interfaces, 62 Troubleshooting, 224 PROFIBUS subnet, 64 Bus cable, 65 Cable length, 64 CPU 314C-2 DP as node, 72 Example, 71 PROFINET, 136 Cable length, 85 CBA (Component based Automation), 57 Commissioning, 214 Configuring the IO system, 182 Controller, 82 IO and CBA, distinguishing features, 81 IO and CBA, interaction, 80 Length of the network, 85 Send cycle, 84 Twisted pair, 85 Update time, 83 Update times for CPU 319-3 PN/DP, 85 PROFINET CBA, 82 Controller, 82 Distinguishing features compared to IO, 81 Interaction with IO, 80 PROFINET device Definition, 73 Status and error displays, 226 PROFINET interface Commissioning the IO system, 182 Diagnostics with status and error LEDs, 226 IO device, troubleshooting, 229 Parameter handling during CPU memory reset, 153

327

Index

Troubleshooting, 227 Update time, 85 PROFINET IO, 136 Address ranges of the CPUs, 180 Addressing, 136 Addressing the user data area, 137 Commissioning, 180 Comparison with PROFIBUS, 75 Controller, 82 Diagnostics, 247 Distinguishing features compared to CBA, 81 Interaction with CBA, 80 Overview of functions, 90 PROFINET IO system Commissioning, 181 Commissioning via MPI/DP, 181 Commissioning via PROFINET interface, 182 Configuration procedures, 182 CPU startup for operation as intelligent device, 186 CPU startup for operation as IO controller, 185 PROFINET subnet Example, 88 Units, 73 Protection class, 260 Protective conductor Connecting with the mounting rail, 107 Fixing screw, 97 Protective grounding, 49 Proxy functionality, 78, 82 PtP (Point-to-Point coupling), 57 PtP interface, 94

R Radio interference, 256 Recycling, 7 Redundant system, 292 Reference potential EMC compatible, 267 grounded, 44 ungrounded, 45 Removing a module, 199 Replacing fuses, 203 Router, 92 Routing, 274 RS 485 Bus connector, 66 Maximizing cable lengths, 67 RS 485 repeater, 67

S S7-300 Accessories, 96 Commissioning, 141 Component overview, 26 Error-free operation, general, 261 Installation, example, 25 Lightning protection, 278 Overvoltage protection, 278 Tools and materials required, 96 Scope of the manual, 3 Scope of this documentation, 15 Segment, 58 Cable lengths, 63 General, 58 Selecting the mains voltage, 108 Send cycle Odd values, 85 PROFINET, 84 Service data, 205 SF LED, 222 SFB52, 215 SFC 103, 215 SFC 13, 215 SFC 14, 137 SFC 51, 215 SFC 6, 215 SFC14, 135 SFC15, 135, 137 Shield connection element, 121 installing, 122 Terminating the cable, 123 Shielding, 272 Shielding terminals, 33 Shipping conditions, 257 SIMATIC iMap, 79 SIMATIC Manager, 161 Slave diagnostics Interrupt data, 245 Interrupt status, structure, 245 Module status, structure, 244 reading with blocks, 233 Reading, example, 234 Structure of identifier-related diagnostics, 243 Syntax of the diagnostics datagram, 239 Slot numbers, 102 Slot-specific addressing, 127 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), 217 Specified clearance dimensions, 34 Standards, 251 Startup as DP slave, 173

328

Index

CPU 31xC-2 DP as a DP master, 169 CPU as intelligent device, 186 CPU as IO controller, 185 Status and error LEDs CPU with DP interface, 224 CPU with PROFINET interface, 226 PROFINET IO devices, 229 SF LED, 221, 222 Total, 219 stepping mode, 209 STOP LED, 151, 152 Storage conditions, 257 Stub cables, 64 Baud rate, 64 Length, 64 Subnet General information, 56 MPI subnet, 58 PROFIBUS subnet, 58, 73 Segment, 63 SYNC/FREEZE, 171 System functions for diagnostics, 214

T

Technical specifications Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), 255 Shipping and storage conditions, 257 Standards and certifications, 251 Terminating resistor MPI subnet, 70 Setting the bus connector, 125 Test voltage, 260 Transfer memory Address range, 175 Example program, 176 Rules, 177 User data transfer, 174 User data transfer in STOP mode, 178 Trigger points, 163

U

UL approval, 252 ungrounded/grounded, 160 Update Communication interruption, 191 Using micro memory card, 192 Update Online, Update time

CPU 31x PN/DP, 84 PROFINET IO, 83 User data area Addressing PROFIBUS DP, 135 Addressing PROFINET IO, 137 User data transfer, 174

V

Variable table, 162 Variables, 161 Controlling, 209 Forcing, 210 Monitoring, 209

W

Wiring, 109 Accessories, tools, material, 105 CPU, 109 Fast Connect, 116 Front connectors, 113 Power supply module, 109 Wiring conditions, 106

329

Index

330